Geology is the scientific study of the Earth, including its solid materials, the processes that shape it, and its history over time. This field encompasses the investigation of rocks, minerals, and soils, as well as the study of Earth’s structure, composition, and the dynamic processes—such as plate tectonics, volcanism, erosion, and sedimentation—that alter the planet. Geologists seek to understand the formation and evolution of the Earth, identify natural resources, and assess natural hazards (like earthquakes and landslides). Through the analysis of geological features and the fossil record, geology provides insights into past climates, environmental changes, and the development of life on Earth.
The Kuril Trench is a zone of intense geological activity beneath the ocean, marked by the complex movements of tectonic plates. Scientists have conducted a five-year study using GPS monitoring…